道德經英譯本點評(七十六到七十八章)
2019-07-25
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第七十六章
人之生也柔弱,其死也堅強。萬物草木之生也柔脆,其死也枯槁。故堅強者死之徒,柔弱者生之徒。是以兵強則不勝,木強則兵。強大處下,柔弱處上。
When he is born, man is soft and weak; in death he becomes stiff and hard.
The ten thousand creatures and all plants and trees while they are alive are supple and soft, but when and dead they become brittle and dry.
Truly, what is stiff and hard is a “companion of death”; what is soft and weak is a “companion of life”.
Therefore “the weapon that is too hard will be broken, the tree that has the hardest wood will be cut down”.
Truly, the hard and mighty are cast down; the soft and weak set on high.
此章重點堅強者死之徒,柔弱者生之徒,用的是companion伴侶這個詞來譯徒
第七十七章
天之道,其猶張弓與!高者抑之,下者舉之;有餘者損之,不足者補之。天之道,損有餘而補不足。人之道則不然,損不足以奉有餘。孰能有餘以奉天下?唯有道者。是以聖人為而不恃,功成而不處,其不欲見(xiàn)賢。
Heaven’s way is like the bending of a bow.
When a bow is bent the top comes down and the bottom-end comes up.
So too does Heaven take away from those who have too much, and give to those that have not enough.
But if it is Heaven’s way to take from those who have too much and give to those who have not enough, this is far from being man’s way.
He takes away from those that have not-enough in order to make offering to those who already have too much.
One there is and one only, so rich that he the possessor of Tao.
If, then, the Sage “though he controls does not lean, and when he has achieved his aim does not linger”, it is because he does not wish to reveal himself as better than others.
天之道,損有餘而補不足: it is Heaven’s way to take from those who have too much and give to those who have not enough, 直譯
為而不恃:controls does not lean。用control來譯為,似乎硬了點。
第七十八章
天下莫柔弱於水,而攻堅強者莫之能勝,其無以易之。弱之勝強,柔之勝剛,天下莫不知,莫能行。是以聖人雲,受國之垢,是謂社稷主;受國不祥,是為天下王。正言若反。
Nothing under heaven is softer or more yielding than water; but when it attacks things hard and resistant there is not one of them that can prevail.
For they can find no way of altering it.
That the yielding conquers the resistant and the soft conquers the hard is a fact known by all men, yet utilized by none.
Yet it is in reference to this that the Sage said “Only he who has accepted the dirt of the country can be lord of its soil shrines; only he who takes upon himself the evils of the country can become a king among those what dwell under heaven.”
Straight words seem crooked.
弱之勝強,柔之勝剛,天下莫不知,莫能行:That the yielding conquers the resistant and the soft conquers the hard is a fact known by all men, yet utilized by none.
utilize應用,utilized by none. 莫能行
Straight words seem crooked. 直言似彎曲,正言若反的直譯
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Jesse Lau
網名遁去的一,簡稱遁一。2012年定居新西蘭至今,自由職業者。
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